These are photos of several important medieval and Renaissance cities in Italy, along with scenic Serento and the neighboring Island of Capri with its famous grottos. I also have a separate album for ancient Rome and Pompeii. I took the photos in summer 2000. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, Henan, China. http://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/MedievalRenaissanceItalyPisaFlorenceAssisiVaticanCapri#

These are photos of the Forum Romanum, the heart of the Roman Republic and the later Empire. The Colosseum is next to the Roman Forum. Pompeii was a Roman seaport buried by a volcanic eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 AD and preserved through the centuries. I took the photos in summer 2000. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, Henan, China. http://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/AncientRomeForumRomanumPompeii#

Random photos of places in the Netherlands and Belgium taken in 1993. These are copies of ones I took before I got a good digital camera, but I intend to make better copies this summer (2011) and replace these. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, Henan, China. https://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/Netherlands#

Random photos shot in France in 1993 and 2000. These are not-very-good copies of slides, which I intend to replace this summer (2011) with much better ones. I have a separate album for the Louvre. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, China. https://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/France#

Random photos of places in Switzerland, mostly around Lake Luzern (Lucerne), taken in 1993, 2000, or 2001. These are copies of slides I took before I got a good digital camera, but I plan to make better copies this summer (2011) and replace all these. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, China. https://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/Switzerland#

Here are a few photos I took in Austria a few years ago. These are digital copies of slides or prints, so they are not as good as the originals. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, Henan, China. http://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/AustriaHistoricPlaces#

Castles, palaces and cathedrals from all over Germany, including Mad Ludwig’s Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria and the palace complex at Potsdam near Berlin. Also Martin Luther’s Wittenberg. They are from trips in 1993, 2000, and 2001. These are copies of slides I took before I got a good digital camera, but I plan to make better digital copies this summer (2011) and replace most of these. Photos by Gary L. Todd, Ph.D., Professor of History, Sias International University, Xinzheng, Henan, China. https://picasaweb.google.com/GaryLeeTodd/Germany#